Knowledge and Symptom-Based Assessment of COVID-19 among Rural Dwellers in Amakohia, Ihitte-Uboma Local Government Area, Imo State Nigeria

Abstract

Coronavirus virus (COVID-19) remains a major public health concern worldwide. This study assessed the Knowledge and Symptom-Based Assessment of COVID-19 among Rural Dwellers in Amakohia, Ihitte-Uboma Local Government Area, Imo State Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 100 residents of Amakohia using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. Information was collected on respondents' demographic characteristics, knowledge of COVID-19, perceived modes of transmission, preventive measures, treatment options, and self-reported COVID-19-related symptoms. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented as frequencies and percentages. The results showed that the majority of respondents were females aged 18–44 years, single, and had formal education. Overall, 95% of respondents were aware of COVID-19, while 82% believed that the disease was real. Radio was the leading source of information (30%). Most respondents (95%) correctly identified the modes of transmission, with 65% recognizing coughing and sneezing as the major route and 30% identifying aerosol transmission. The majority perceived that individuals of high socioeconomic status (59%) and the elderly (63%) were the most affected by the disease. All respondents believed that COVID-19 could be treated, and 75% identified hospital care as the appropriate place for treatment. Fever (24%) and sneezing (43%) were the most commonly reported symptoms experienced during the preceding three months. Respondents also demonstrated good knowledge of the recommended preventive measures, particularly regular hand washing with soap and water. Although awareness of COVID-19 among rural dwellers was high, misconceptions regarding the reality of the disease and treatment still existed. Continued public health education is needed to improve accurate knowledge, dispel misinformation, and encourage appropriate health-seeking behavior.

Keywords: Symptom, Assessment, Knowledge, Covid 19, Rural dwellers